一文梳理Windows下可执行文件扩展名有哪些

计算机木马通常以可执行文件的形式存在，在Windows系统下我们比较熟悉的可执行文件比如exe文件，那么还有哪些其他的可执行文件扩展名呢？本文带你了解一下五花八门的可执行文件扩展名，如果下载到带有这些后缀的可疑文件，请保持警惕！

1. 可执行文件定义

可执行文件（executable file）1在计算机科学上，指一种内容可被计算机解释为程序的计算机文件。通常可执行文件内，含有以二进制编码的微处理器指令，也因此可执行文件有时称为二进制文件。这些二进制微处理器指令的编码，于各种微处理器有所不同，故此可执行文件大多分为不同的微处理版本。

一个计算机文件是否为可执行文件，主要由操作系统决定。在不同的操作系统环境下，可执行程序的呈现方式不一样。例如根据特定的命名方法（如扩展名为exe）或文件的元数据信息（例如UNIX系统设置“可执行”权限）。

2. Windows默认的可执行扩展名

Windows中基本的可执行文件存储在一个名为PATHEXT的环境变量中2，在我的计算机的CMD中运行set PATHEXT命令，我得到了如下图所示的结果：
查看Windows下默认的可执行扩展名
上面列出的是我的计算机中（Windows 10）默认的可执行扩展名。但Windows还可执行其他文件扩展名的可执行文件。

3. Windows下可执行文件的扩展名列表

具有以下这些扩展名的可执行文件3的执行一般不依赖于其他任何程序，只要安装了Windows操作系统的计算机都有能力执行这些文件。

序号 扩展名 格式含义 操作系统
1 BAT Batch File Windows
2 BIN Binary Executable Windows, macOS, Linux
3 CMD Command Script Windows
4 COM Command File Windows
5 CPL Control Panel Extension Windows
6 EXE Executable Windows
7 GADGET Windows Gadget Windows
8 INF Setup Information File Windows
9 INS Internet Communication Settings Windows
10 INX InstallShield Compiled Script Windows
11 ISU InstallShield Uninstaller Script Windows
12 JOB Windows Task Scheduler Job File Windows
13 JSE JScript Encoded File Windows
14 LNK File Shortcut Windows
15 MSC Microsoft Common Console Document Windows
16 MSI Windows Installer Package Windows
17 MSP Windows Installer Patch Windows
18 MST Windows Installer Setup Transform File Windows
19 PAF Portable Application Installer File Windows
20 PIF Program Information File Windows
21 PS1 Windows PowerShell Cmdlet Windows
22 REG Registry Data File Windows
23 RGS Registry Script Windows
24 SCR Screensaver Executable Windows
25 SCT Windows Scriptlet Windows
26 SHB Windows Document Shortcut Windows
27 SHS Shell Scrap Object Windows
28 U3P U3 Smart Application Windows
29 VB VBScript File Windows
30 VBE VBScript Encoded Script Windows
31 VBS VBScript File Windows
32 VBSCRIPT Visual Basic Script Windows
33 WS Windows Script Windows
34 WSF Windows Script Windows
35 WSH Windows Script Preference Windows

4. 其他系统下可执行文件扩展名

在Windows系统外，还有macOS、Linux、Android、iOS等操作系统，在相应系统中具有以下扩展名的文件3也是可执行文件。

序号 扩展名 格式含义 操作系统
1 ACTION Automator Action macOS
2 APK Application Android
3 APP Executable macOS
4 BIN Binary Executable Windows, macOS, Linux
5 COMMAND Terminal Command macOS
6 CSH C Shell Script macOS, Linux
7 IPA Application iOS
8 KSH Unix Korn Shell Script Linux
9 OSX Executable macOS
10 OUT Executable Linux
11 PRG Executable GEM
12 RUN Executable Linux
13 WORKFLOW Automator Workflow macOS

5. 其他可执行文件扩展名

具有以下这些扩展名的文件3，只要安装了相应的软件，就可以执行。但如果没有安装相应的软件，请不用担心，它在这种情况不会执行~

序号 扩展名 格式含义 软件
1 0XE Renamed Virus File F-Secure Internet Security
2 73K TI-73 Application TI Connect
3 89K TI-89 Application TI Connect
4 A6P Authorware 6 Program File Adobe Authorware
5 AC GNU Autoconf Script Autoconf
6 ACC GEM Accessory File Gemulator
7 ACR ACRobot Script ACRobot
8 ACTM AutoCAD Action Macro AutoCAD
9 AHK AutoHotkey Script AutoHotkey
10 AIR Adobe AIR Installation Package Adobe AIR
11 APP FoxPro Application Visual FoxPro
12 ARSCRIPT ArtRage Script ArtRage Studio
13 AS Adobe Flash ActionScript File Adobe Flash
14 ASB Alphacam Stone VB Macro Alphacam
15 AWK AWK Script AWK
16 AZW2 Kindle Active Content App File Kindle Collection Manager
17 BEAM Compiled Erlang File Erlang
18 BTM 4DOS Batch File 4DOS
19 CEL Celestia Script Celestia
20 CELX Celestia Script Celestia
21 CHM Compiled HTML Help File Firefox, IE, Safari
22 COF MPLAB COFF File MPLAB IDE
23 CRT Security Certificate Firefox, IE, Chrome, Safari
24 DEK Eavesdropper Batch File Eavesdropper
25 DLD EdLog Compiled Program Edlog
26 DMC Medical Manager Script Sage Medical Manager
27 DOCM Word Macro-Enabled Document Microsoft Word
28 DOTM Word Macro-Enabled Template Microsoft Word
29 DXL Rational DOORS Script Rational DOORS
30 EAR Java Enterprise Archive File Apache Geronimo
31 EBM EXTRA! Basic Macro EXTRA!
32 EBS E-Run 1.x Script E-Prime (v1)
33 EBS2 E-Run 2.0 Script E-Prime (v2)
34 ECF SageCRM Component File SageCRM
35 EHAM ExtraHAM Executable HAM Programmer Toolkit
36 ELF Nintendo Wii Game File Dolphin Emulator
37 ES SageCRM Script SageCRM
38 EX4 MetaTrader Program File MetaTrader
39 EXOPC ExoPC Application EXOfactory
40 EZS EZ-R Stats Batch Script EZ-R Stats
41 FAS Compiled Fast-Load AutoLISP File AutoCAD
42 FKY FoxPro Macro Visual FoxPro
43 FPI FPS Creator Intelligence Script FPS Creator
44 FRS Flash Renamer Script Flash Renamer
45 FXP FoxPro Compiled Program Visual FoxPro
46 GS Geosoft Script Oasis Montaj
47 HAM HAM Executable Ham Runtime
48 HMS HostMonitor Script HostMonitor
49 HPF HP9100A Program File HP9100A Emulator
50 HTA HTML Application Internet Explorer
51 IIM iMacro Macro iMacros (Firefox Add-on)
52 IPF SMS Installer Script Microsoft SMS
53 ISP Internet Communication Settings Microsoft IIS
54 JAR Java Archive Firefox, IE, Chrome, Safari
55 JS JScript Executable Script Firefox, IE, Chrome, Safari
56 JSX ExtendScript Script Adobe ExtendScript Toolkit
57 KIX KiXtart Script KiXtart
58 LO Interleaf Compiled Lisp File QuickSilver
59 LS LightWave LScript File LightWave
60 MAM Access Macro-Enabled Workbook Microsoft Access
61 MCR 3ds Max Macroscript or Tecplot Macro 3ds Max
62 MEL Maya Embedded Language File Maya 2013
63 MPX FoxPro Compiled Menu Program Visual FoxPro
64 MRC mIRC Script mIRC
65 MS 3ds Max Script 3ds Max
66 MS Maxwell Script Maxwell Render
67 MXE Macro Express Playable Macro Macro Express
68 NEXE Chrome Native Client Executable Chrome
69 OBS ObjectScript Script ObjectScript
70 ORE Ore Executable Ore Runtime Environment
71 OTM Outlook Macro Microsoft Outlook
72 PEX ProBoard Executable ProBoard BBS
73 PLX Perl Executable ActivePerl or Microsoft IIS
74 POTM PowerPoint Macro-Enabled Design Template Microsoft PowerPoint
75 PPAM PowerPoint Macro-Enabled Add-in Microsoft PowerPoint
76 PPSM PowerPoint Macro-Enabled Slide Show Microsoft PowerPoint
77 PPTM PowerPoint Macro-Enabled Presentation Microsoft PowerPoint
78 PRC Palm Resource Code File Palm Desktop
79 PVD Instalit Script Instalit
80 PWC PictureTaker File PictureTaker
81 PYC Python Compiled File Python
82 PYO Python Optimized Code Python
83 QPX FoxPro Compiled Query Program Visual FoxPro
84 RBX Rembo-C Compiled Script Rembo Toolkit
85 ROX Actuate Report Object Executable eReport
86 RPJ Real Pac Batch Job File Real Pac
87 S2A SEAL2 Application SEAL
88 SBS SPSS Script SPSS
89 SCA Scala Script Scala Designer
90 SCAR SCAR Script SCAR
91 SCB Scala Published Script Scala Designer
92 SCRIPT Generic Script 任何创建脚本的软件
93 SMM Ami Pro Macro Ami Pro
94 SPR FoxPro Generated Screen File Visual FoxPro
95 TCP Tally Compiled Program Tally Developer
96 THM Thermwood Macro Mastercam
97 TLB OLE Type Library Microsoft Excel
98 TMS Telemate Script Telemate
99 UDF Excel User Defined Function Microsoft Excel
100 UPX Ultimate Packer for eXecutables File Ultimate Packer for eXecutables
101 URL Internet Shortcut Firefox, IE, Chrome, Safari
102 VLX Compiled AutoLISP File AutoCAD
103 VPM Vox Proxy Macro Vox Proxy
104 WCM WordPerfect Macro WordPerfect
105 WIDGET Yahoo! Widget Yahoo! Widgets
106 WIZ Microsoft Wizard File Microsoft Word
107 WPK WordPerfect Macro WordPerfect
108 WPM WordPerfect Macro WordPerfect
109 XAP Silverlight Application Package Micrsoft Silverlight
110 XBAP XAML Browser Application Firefox, IE
111 XLAM Excel Macro-Enabled Add-In Microsoft Excel
112 XLM Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook Microsoft Excel
113 XLSM Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook Microsoft Excel
114 XLTM Excel Macro-Enabled Template Microsoft Excel
115 XQT SuperCalc Macro CA SuperCalc
116 XYS XYplorer Script XYplorer
117 ZL9 Renamed Virus File ZoneAlarm

请注意：上述信息参考如下链接总结归纳，无法覆盖所有的可执行文件扩展名。

  1. 可执行文件 - 维基百科. ??

  2. https://superuser.com/questions/228680/on-windows-what-filename-extensions-denote-an-executable/228693 ??

  3. Tim Fisher. List of Executable File Extensions. ?? ?? ??